Updates in Medicine articles by specialty
Internal Medicine
21 articles · Newest first
Preventive Care in Cirrhosis: 2026 ACG Clinical Guideline – A Practical Summary
A practical summary of prevention in cirrhosis, including portal hypertension, encephalopathy, infections, HCC surveillance, vaccination, nutrition and bone health.
2026 ADA/EASD Type 2 Diabetes Management Update: From Glucose Control to Early Organ Protection
A practical guide to the 2026 consensus: consider organ-protective treatment early, then individualise care around cardiovascular and kidney risk, weight and glycaemic goals.
LDL-C Management in 2026: A Practical Guide to Risk-Based Targets and Treatment
Assess ASCVD risk, set an appropriate LDL-C goal, intensify treatment when needed and sustain LDL-C lowering over time.
2026 Pharmacological Management of MASH: Selecting, Starting and Monitoring Therapy
EASL–EASD–EASO guidance in practice: selecting eligible adults with non-cirrhotic F2–F3 MASH, choosing between resmetirom and semaglutide, and monitoring response and safety.
Retatrutide: First-in-Class Triple Agonism with Benefits Beyond Weight Reduction
The phase 3 TRIUMPH-1 trial evaluated once-weekly GIP–GLP-1–glucagon triple-receptor agonism in adults with obesity without diabetes.
Lipoprotein(a) in Practice: Who to Test, How to Interpret It, and What to Do When It Is High
A practical approach to universal Lp(a) measurement, cardiovascular risk interpretation and management based on the 2026 National Lipid Association Lipid Simplified review.
Diuretics in acute heart failure with rising creatinine: continue, reduce or stop?
How to distinguish a creatinine rise during effective decongestion from one that requires a change in treatment.
Short oral corticosteroid courses in type 2 diabetes: what the 30-day safety signal means
A nationwide study links brief oral corticosteroid treatment with gastrointestinal bleeding, pneumonia and heart failure soon after initiation.
Atenolol Outperformed Bisoprolol After MI Without Recorded Heart Failure
A French observational study found fewer major cardiovascular events with atenolol over two years—but no statistically significant mortality difference.
The 2026 ESC Heart Failure Guideline: From Diagnosis to Advanced Heart Failure
A practical guide to classification, diagnosis, foundational therapy, decompensated HF, devices, comorbidities, advanced HF and follow-up.
SBP Prophylaxis in Cirrhosis: Who Needs Primary vs Secondary Prevention — and When Should It Be Stopped?
Long-term antibiotics can prevent spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in selected patients with cirrhosis, but treatment and withdrawal decisions require careful risk–benefit assessment.
Infective endocarditis in 2026: putting the AHA scientific statement into practice
A practical approach to diagnosis, multimodality imaging, antimicrobial treatment, surgical timing and post-operative care.
WHO malaria guidance 2026: diagnosis and treatment in everyday clinical practice
A practical guide to confirming malaria, assessing severity, selecting treatment, and responding safely in special populations.
Heart Failure Classification in 2026: How the ESC Guidelines and Second Universal Definition Fit Together
Understanding stages, ejection-fraction phenotypes and changing disease trajectories without forcing false equivalence.
Pulmonary Embolism in 2026: A Practical Approach to Diagnosis, Risk Stratification and Management
From clinical suspicion and D-dimer testing to the new AHA/ACC PE categories, anticoagulation, reperfusion therapy and follow-up.
2026 IDSA Guidance on Antimicrobial-Resistant Gram-Negative Infections
A practical guide to treating ESBL-E, AmpC-E, CRE, DTR Pseudomonas aeruginosa, CRAB and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
GOLD 2026 COPD Report: A Practical Guide to Diagnosis, Assessment and Management
What clinicians need to know about diagnosing COPD, the revised ABE assessment, initial and follow-up treatment, exacerbation prevention, biologic therapy and acute exacerbation management.
Single-Infusion PCSK9 Base Editing Produces Substantial LDL-C Lowering Sustained Beyond One Year
Phase 1 data suggest that one-time in-vivo PCSK9 editing can produce large and durable LDL-C reductions, although long-term safety and cardiovascular benefit remain uncertain.
Alcohol Intake and Lifetime Health Risk: No Net Protective Effect at Low Consumption
A US cause-specific modelling analysis estimates how weekly alcohol intake and drinking pattern relate to lifetime mortality, morbidity and injury risk.
The 2026 ESC Guideline on Cardiovascular Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease
A practical approach to managing chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease together.
Met-HeFT 2026: Metformin Failed to Reduce Cardiovascular Events in HFrEF
The randomised trial tested whether metformin provides cardiovascular protection beyond glucose lowering in HFrEF.